Publication date: Mar 04, 2025
Non-tuberculosis mycobacteria (NTM) are extensively drug-resistant organisms that require long-term therapy. The study purpose was to quantify the incidence of and risk factors for antimycobacterial-associated adverse drug events (ADEs) in persons with NTM infections receiving outpatient therapy. A multicenter, retrospective cohort was performed of persons with NTM infections who received antimycobacterial treatment from 2013 to 2024. Inclusion criteria were age ≥18 years, ≥1 month of outpatient treatment, and ≥1 follow-up outpatient visit within 3 months of index encounter. Mycobacterium avium complex and Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex were excluded. The primary outcome was development of pre-specified treatment-related ADE or acute kidney injury (AKI), thrombocytopenia, and/or Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) through 12 months of therapy. Secondary outcomes included therapy discontinuation due to any treatment-related ADEs. Two hundred patients were included: 14% developed a pre-specified ADE. Mycobacterium abscessus (29%) was the most common pathogen; most initial regimens included a macrolide (54%), systemic aminoglycoside (24%), β-lactam (24%), or tetracycline derivative (22%). The most common pre-specified ADEs were thrombocytopenia (9%), AKI (8%), and CDI (
| Concepts | Keywords |
|---|---|
| Antimycobacterial | adverse drug event |
| Kidney | antimicrobial stewardship |
| Outpatient | Mycobacterium abscessus |
| Thrombocytopenia | non-tuberculosis mycobacteria |
| Years |
Semantics
| Type | Source | Name |
|---|---|---|
| disease | MESH | tuberculosis |
| pathway | KEGG | Tuberculosis |
| disease | MESH | Mycobacterium infections |
| disease | MESH | adverse drug events |
| disease | MESH | infections |
| disease | MESH | acute kidney injury |
| disease | MESH | thrombocytopenia |
| disease | MESH | Clostridioides difficile infection |
| disease | IDO | pathogen |
| drug | DRUGBANK | Tetracycline |