Treatment outcomes and associated factors among patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Southwestern Oromia, Ethiopia: ten-year retrospective analysis.

Ingentiumby Ingentium

In Tuberculosis Literature.

Publication date: Nov 14, 2024

Treatment of rifampicin-resistant or multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (RR/MDR-TB) requires the use of second-line anti-TB drugs, which are less effective and more toxic. This study assessed treatment outcomes and factors associated with unfavorable treatment outcomes among RR/MDR-TB patients in Southwestern Oromia, Ethiopia. A multicenter retrospective study was conducted on 226 RR/MDR-TB patients (six extrapulmonary and 220 pulmonary) treated under a national TB program between 2013 and 2022 at five treatment facilities in Southwestern Oromia, Ethiopia. RR/MDR-TB patient data, such as sociodemographic, clinical, and laboratory results and treatment outcomes, were collected from the RR/MDR-TB registry using a standard data extraction form between April and June 2023. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the associations between risk factors and unfavorable treatment outcomes. Among 220 pulmonary RR/MDR-TB patients, 181 (82. 3%) achieved favorable treatment outcomes (161 cured and 20 treatment completed). However, 39 (17. 7%) patients had unfavorable treatment outcomes (12 were lost to follow-up, seven experienced treatment failure, and 20 died). Of the six extrapulmonary RR/MDR-TB patients, five (83. 3%) had favorable treatment outcomes, and one (16. 7%) was lost to follow-up. Pulmonary RR/MDR-TB patients with HIV infection (AOR = 4. 85, 95% CI: 1. 90 to 12. 39), history of previous TB treatment (AOR = 3. 09, 95% CI: 1. 21 to 7. 86), and low baseline BMI (AOR = 2. 86, 95% CI: 1. 06 to 7. 72) had increased risk of unfavorable treatment outcomes. Although the majority of RR/MDR-TB patients have favorable treatment outcomes, a significant proportion of patients still experienced unfavorable outcomes. Patients with HIV infection, history of previous TB treatment, and low baseline BMI require special attention to improve pulmonary RR/MDR-TB treatment outcomes. Future studies with larger sample sizes are required to evaluate treatment outcomes and associated factors among patients with extrapulmonary RR/MDR-TB.

Open Access PDF

Concepts Keywords
June Drug resistance
Laboratory Treatment outcomes
Oromia Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis Unfavorable outcomes

Semantics

Type Source Name
disease MESH multidrug-resistant tuberculosis
drug DRUGBANK Pentaerythritol tetranitrate
drug DRUGBANK Rifampicin
disease MESH lost to follow-up
disease MESH treatment failure
disease MESH HIV infection
pathway REACTOME HIV Infection
disease IDO history
pathway REACTOME Reproduction
disease MESH Infectious Diseases
drug DRUGBANK Coenzyme M
disease MESH tuberculosis
pathway KEGG Tuberculosis
disease IDO immunodeficiency
drug DRUGBANK Spinosad
disease MESH anemia
disease MESH treatment delay
drug DRUGBANK Trestolone
disease MESH TICs
disease IDO assay
drug DRUGBANK Capreomycin
drug DRUGBANK Levofloxacin
drug DRUGBANK Protionamide
drug DRUGBANK Ethionamide
drug DRUGBANK Pyrazinamide
drug DRUGBANK Cycloserine
drug DRUGBANK Bedaquiline
drug DRUGBANK Clofazimine
drug DRUGBANK Ethambutol
drug DRUGBANK Isoniazid
disease MESH infection
disease MESH adverse drug reactions
disease IDO facility
disease MESH death
drug DRUGBANK Esomeprazole
drug DRUGBANK L-Valine
disease MESH drug interactions
disease MESH viral load
disease MESH diabetes mellitus
disease MESH malnutrition
disease MESH depression
drug DRUGBANK Aspartame
drug DRUGBANK Methionine
drug DRUGBANK Etoperidone
disease IDO process
disease MESH privacy
disease MESH Leprosy
disease MESH Psychological distress
disease IDO country
disease MESH Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis

Original Article

Leave a Comment

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *