Publication date: Sep 09, 2024
The Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease 2023 revision proposed that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has various etiologies including infections (COPD-I), such as tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus. While nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTM-PD) and pulmonary tuberculosis share similar clinical manifestations, research on COPD development during longitudinal follow-up in patients with NTM-PD is limited. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the incidence and risk of COPD development in patients with NTM-PD. We retrospectively enrolled patients with NTM-PD with normal lung function and 1:4 age-, sex-, body mass index-, and smoking status-matched controls between November 1994 and January 2022. We compared the risks of spirometry-defined COPD between the NTM-PD and control groups (study 1). A nationwide cohort study using the health insurance claims database was conducted to validate the findings (study 2). In study 1, during a mean follow-up of 3. 3 years, COPD occurred in 14. 0% (241/1,715) and 4. 3% (293/6,860) of individuals in the NTM-PD and matched control cohorts, respectively. The NTM-PD cohort exhibited a higher risk of incident COPD (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 2. 57; 95% CI, 2. 15-3. 09) compared to matched controls. In study 2, COPD occurred in 6. 2% (24/386) and 2. 5% (28/1,133) of individuals with and without NTM-PD, respectively. The NTM-PD cohort had a higher risk of incident COPD (aHR, 2. 04; 95% CI, 1. 21-3. 42) compared to matched controls. These findings suggest that NTM-PD could be considered a new etiotype of COPD-I and emphasize the importance of monitoring lung function in individuals with NTM-PD.
Concepts | Keywords |
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Global | |
Mycobacterial | |
November | |
Smoking | |
Tuberculosis |
Semantics
Type | Source | Name |
---|---|---|
disease | MESH | chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
disease | MESH | pulmonary disease |
pathway | REACTOME | Disease |
disease | IDO | disease |
disease | MESH | infections |
disease | MESH | tuberculosis |
pathway | KEGG | Tuberculosis |
disease | IDO | immunodeficiency |
disease | MESH | pulmonary tuberculosis |