Risk of incident chronic obstructive pulmonary disease during longitudinal follow-up in patients with nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease.

Publication date: Sep 09, 2024

The Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease 2023 revision proposed that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has various etiologies including infections (COPD-I), such as tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus. While nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTM-PD) and pulmonary tuberculosis share similar clinical manifestations, research on COPD development during longitudinal follow-up in patients with NTM-PD is limited. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the incidence and risk of COPD development in patients with NTM-PD. We retrospectively enrolled patients with NTM-PD with normal lung function and 1:4 age-, sex-, body mass index-, and smoking status-matched controls between November 1994 and January 2022. We compared the risks of spirometry-defined COPD between the NTM-PD and control groups (study 1). A nationwide cohort study using the health insurance claims database was conducted to validate the findings (study 2). In study 1, during a mean follow-up of 3. 3 years, COPD occurred in 14. 0% (241/1,715) and 4. 3% (293/6,860) of individuals in the NTM-PD and matched control cohorts, respectively. The NTM-PD cohort exhibited a higher risk of incident COPD (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 2. 57; 95% CI, 2. 15-3. 09) compared to matched controls. In study 2, COPD occurred in 6. 2% (24/386) and 2. 5% (28/1,133) of individuals with and without NTM-PD, respectively. The NTM-PD cohort had a higher risk of incident COPD (aHR, 2. 04; 95% CI, 1. 21-3. 42) compared to matched controls. These findings suggest that NTM-PD could be considered a new etiotype of COPD-I and emphasize the importance of monitoring lung function in individuals with NTM-PD.

Concepts Keywords
Global
Mycobacterial
November
Smoking
Tuberculosis

Semantics

Type Source Name
disease MESH chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
disease MESH pulmonary disease
pathway REACTOME Disease
disease IDO disease
disease MESH infections
disease MESH tuberculosis
pathway KEGG Tuberculosis
disease IDO immunodeficiency
disease MESH pulmonary tuberculosis

Original Article

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